RESUMO
The screwworm fly, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel), is a parasite that attacks all warm-blooded animals including humans. This parasite has caused significant losses to the livestock industries of the Americas. Since the screwworm eradication program was initiated in the Southeastern United States in 1957, the eradication program has successfully progressed to its current location in Panama. A variety of technologies and tools have been used in the eradication programs. The cooperative agreement has been a significant tool in the success of the program. In the United States, the State-Federal Cooperative programs provided the mechanism for carrying out screwworm eradication. Once screwworms were eradicated from the United States, the need to expand the program internationally, in order to protect the United States, became evident. A cooperative agreement created the Mexico-United States Commission for the Eradication of Screwworms (Commission). Commission-Guatemala and Commission-Belize Cooperative Agreements were used to eradicate screwworms from these countries. Followup programs in El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama were implemented by cooperative agreements between the United States Department of Agriculture and the individual countries. The positive and negative aspects, as well as the necessary elements of successful cooperative agreements, are discussed.
Assuntos
Dípteros , Controle de Pragas/métodos , Infecção por Mosca da Bicheira/prevenção & controle , Infecção por Mosca da Bicheira/veterinária , Criação de Animais Domésticos , Animais , América Central , Órgãos Governamentais , Humanos , Relações Interinstitucionais , Cooperação Internacional , Líbia , México , Sudeste dos Estados Unidos , Estados Unidos , United States Department of AgricultureRESUMO
The Screwworm Eradication Program has been extremely successful in its efforts to achieve its goal of eradication of screwworms through Central America and establishment of a permanent biological barrier in the eastern half of Panama. Following eradication of screwworms from Mexico in 1991, eradication was achieved in Belize in 1992, in Guatemala in 1993, and in El Salvador in 1994. Honduras has been free of screwworms since January 1995, and the number of cases in Nicaragua has dropped, as of April 1995, to about 4% of the average number of cases found during the period June-August 1993.
Assuntos
Dípteros , Ectoparasitoses/veterinária , Infertilidade Masculina , Controle de Pragas/métodos , Animais , América Central/epidemiologia , Ectoparasitoses/epidemiologia , Ectoparasitoses/prevenção & controle , Masculino , Estados Unidos , United States Department of AgricultureAssuntos
Animais Domésticos , Dípteros , Ectoparasitoses/economia , Ectoparasitoses/veterinária , Controle de Pragas/organização & administração , Animais , Bovinos , América Central , Análise Custo-Benefício , Ectoparasitoses/prevenção & controle , Equidae , Feminino , Cabras , Cavalos , Humanos , Masculino , Controle de Pragas/economia , Densidade Demográfica , Ovinos , SuínosRESUMO
The Screwworm Eradication Program has been extremely successful in its efforts to achieve its goal of eradication of screwworms through Central America and establishement of a permanent biological barrier in the eastern half of Panama. Following eradication of screwworms from Mexico in 1991, eradication was achieved in Belize in 1992, in Guatemala in 1993, and in El Salvador in 1994. Honduras has been free of screwworms since Janaury 1995, and the number of cases in Nicaragua has dropped, as of April 1995, to about 4 percent of the average number of cases found during the period June-August 1993. (AU)
